介绍:
A blocked airway can kill someone in three to four minutes, but first aid can take more than eight minutes for an ambulance to arrive. So a simple procedure such as opening someone’s airway can save his or her life while waiting for emergency help to arrive.
You’re more likely to give first aid to someone you know than to a stranger. Knowing what to do will allow you to react rapidly to help relatives, friends or colleagues if an accident does happen.
But there are many misconceptions surrounding first aid, some of which can cause serious harm.
1. You should put butter or cream on a burn. The only thing you should put on a burn is cold water. Keep the butter for cooking.
2. If you can’t move a limb, it must be broken. If you can move a limb, it can’t be broken. The only accurate way to diagnose a broken limb is to x-ray it.
3. The best way to treat bleeding is to put the wound under a tap. If you put a bleeding wound under a tap you wash away the body’s clotting agents and make it bleed more.
4. Nosebleeds are best treated by putting the head back. If you put the head back during a nosebleed, all the blood goes down the back of the airway.
5. A tourniquet is the best way to treat serious bleeding. It’s harmful to stop the blood flow to a limb for more than 10~15 minutes.
6. If someone has drunk a poison you should make him or her sick. If you make someone sick by putting your fingers in his or her mouth, the vomit may block his or her airway.
7. If you perform CPR on someone who has a pulse you can damage his or her heart. The evidence is that it isn’t dangerous to do chest compressions on a casualty with a pulse.
8. You need lots of training to do first aid. You don’t — what you mostly need is common sense. You can learn enough first aid in ten minutes to save someone’s life.
9. You need lots of expensive equipment to do first aid. You don’t need any equipment to do first aid; there are lots of ways to improvise anything you need.
Remember: anyone can save a life.
