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海天考研每日作业
●Part1
考研核心词汇
collar
[ˈkɒlə(r)]
n.衣领; 领子; (狗等的) 项圈; (管子或机器部件的) 圈;
colleague
[ˈkɒli:g]
n.同事; 同行; 同僚;
collide
[kəˈlaɪd]
v.碰撞; 相撞; 冲突; 抵触;
colonel
[ˈkɜ:nl]
n.上校;
colonial
[kəˈləʊniəl]
adj.殖民地的; 殖民地化的; [生] 群体的,集群的; 英领殖民地时期的;
n.殖民地居民;
comet
[ˈkɒmɪt]
n.彗星;
comic
[ˈkɒmɪk]
adj.喜剧的; 连环画的; 滑稽的,好笑的;
n.连环漫画; 喜剧演员; 滑稽人物; 滑稽新闻;
command
[kəˈmɑ:nd]
n.命令,指挥; 司令部,指挥部; [计算机] 指令; 控制力;
v.命令; 指挥,控制; 应得,值得;
commemorate
[kəˈmeməreɪt]
v.纪念, 庆祝; 成为…的纪念;
commence
[kəˈmens]
v.开始; 着手;
commend
[kəˈmend]
v.推荐; 表扬; 托付; 受到赞同;
commodity
[kəˈmɒdəti]
n.商品; 日用品; 有价值的物品;
commonplace
[ˈkɒmənpleɪs]
adj.平凡的,陈腐的; 平庸的,普通的;
n.老生常谈; 寻常的事物; 平常话,口头禅; 备忘录;
commonwealth
[ˈkɒmənwelθ]
n.联邦; 共和国; 团体; 协会;
communism
[ˈkɒmjunɪzəm]
n.共产主义; 共产主义制度;
commute
[kəˈmju:t]
v.通勤; 代偿; 交换; 用…交换; 使…变成;
n.通勤来往; 通勤来往的路程;
compact
[kəmˈpækt]
v.压紧,(使)坚实; 把…弄紧密,把…弄结实; 使(文体)简洁,简化; 变紧密,变结实;
adj.紧凑的; 简洁的,(文体等)紧凑的; 小巧易携带的; (物质) 致密的,(体格)结实的;
n.协议; 条约;
compartment
[kəmˈpɑ:tmənt]
n.隔间(尤指火车车厢中的); 区划;
v.分隔; 划分;
compassion
[kəmˈpæʃn]
n.怜悯,同情; 恻隐之心;
compatible
[kəmˈpætəbl]
adj.兼容的,相容的; 和谐的,协调的; 可以并存的,能共处的;
compensate
[ˈkɒmpenseɪt]
v.抵消; 补偿,赔偿; 报酬; 弥补;
compile
[kəmˈpaɪl]
v.编译; 编制; 汇编; 编辑;
complement
[ˈkɒmplɪment]
n.补充; 补足语; 补充物;
v.补足,补充; 补助;
complicate
[ˈkɒmplɪkeɪt]
v.使复杂化; 使错综,使混乱; 使卷入; 变复杂;
adj.复杂的; 麻烦的;
compliment
[ˈkɒmplɪmənt]
n.恭维; 敬意; 道贺,贺词; 致意;
v.称赞; 向…道贺; 向…致意;
comply
[kəmˈplaɪ]
v.遵从; 依从,顺从; 应允,同意;
composite
[ˈkɒmpəzɪt]
adj.混合成的,综合成的;
n.合成物,混合物,复合材料;
compulsory
[kəmˈpʌlsəri]
adj.必修的; 义务的; 必须做的,强制性的;
compute
[kəmˈpju:t]
v.计算,估算; 推断; 用计算机计算;
n.计算;
comrade
[ˈkɒmreɪd]
n.同志; 战友; 忠实伙伴;
conceive
[kənˈsi:v]
v.怀孕; 构思; 想像,设想; 持有; 考虑;
conception
[kənˈsepʃn]
n.概念; 受精,怀孕; 胚胎; 设想,构想;
concise
[kənˈsaɪs]
adj.简约; 简明的,简洁的; 精炼;
confer
[kənˈfɜ:(r)]
v.授予,颁与; 比较,对照; 商议,磋商;
confidential
[ˌkɒnfɪˈdenʃl]
adj.机密的; 秘密的; 表示信任的; 亲密的;
conform
[kənˈfɔ:m]
v.符合; 遵照; 适应环境; 使遵守; 使一致; 使顺从;
adj.一致的; 顺从的;
congratulate
[kənˈgrætʃuleɪt]
v.祝贺; 向(某人)道贺;
conscience
[ˈkɒnʃəns]
n.良心; 道德心;
conscientious
[ˌkɒnʃiˈenʃəs]
adj.认真负责的; 本着良心的; 谨慎的;
consecutive
[kənˈsekjətɪv]
adj.连续的,连贯的;
●Part2
真题长难句
But his primary task is not to think about the moral code, which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business. (2006翻译第四题)
劈树:本句的谓语动词共有三个:“is not to think about”,“governs”,“is expected to dedicate”,所以全句划分为三个分句。
第一分句为:But his primary task is not to think about the moral code;
第二分句为:which governs his activity;
第三分句为:any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business;
造竹:第一分句为主句,第二分句为定语从句,第三分句为比较状语从句。
难词(词组)及在句中的含义:
moral code (道德准则)
dedicate to (致力于)
conduct (行为)
第一分句:But his primary task is not to think about the moral code;
代词“his”同48题,仍然指代“average scientist”(一般科学家);
“moral code”的选词也是该句考查的难点之一,“code”表示“编码”、“代码”等,而“道德编码”不符合中国人的语言方式,需要结合汉语表达习惯,译为“道德准则” 或“道德标准”;
第一分句翻译为:但是普通科学家的主要任务并非是思考道德准则;
第二分句:which governs his activity;
第二个分句是以插入语形式的定语从句,修饰名词“the moral code”;
“which governs his activity”这个定语从句本身结构比较简单,可以作为一个修饰成分,因此,我们可以采取前置法,把整个定语从句视为形容词性质的结构翻译在被修饰名词“moral code”之前;
第二分句翻译为:这种道德准则用以约束其行为;
前两个分句可合译为:但是普通科学家的主要任务并非是思考约束其行为的道德准则;
第三分句:any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business;
第三个分句的词汇核心点是“dedicate to”表示“致力于”;
“an exploration of rules of conduct in business”是双“of”结构:“A of B of C”,由后往前翻译为:“C的B的A”,即:“商业中行为规则的探索”;
这里还考查了学员对词汇掌握的深度,“conduct”可以指“行为”而并非“指挥”之义,在以往的考研翻译中曾考查过该词汇的这一含义;
这一句中同时考查了被动句型的处理技巧,不应翻译为“商人们被期望……”,而应添加泛指主语,即“人们不期望商人……”,这也是被动句型翻译时常用的翻译方法;
第三分句翻译为:这正如人们不期望商人致力于商业中行为规则的探索;
第一与第三个分句考查了比较结构的掌握,由一个比较句型“not...any more than”表示两者相同或类似否定,即“A not …any more than B...”的含义为“A不…,B也不…”;
原文回顾:
But his primary task is not to think about the moral code, which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business.
全句翻译为:但是普通科学家的主要任务并非是思考约束其行为的道德准则,这正如人们不期望商人致力于商业中行为规则的探索。
句式结构考点:定语从句,双of结构的理解翻译,固定搭配:not...any more than...的识别;
难度级别:
短语背诵:
primary task
moral code
an exploration of rules of conduct
●明日预告
They may teach very well, and more than earn their salaries, but most of them make little or no independent reflections on human problems which involve moral judgment.(2006翻译第五题)
●智慧点滴
Everyone can rise above their circumstances and achieve success if they are dedicated to and passionate about what they do.
只要专注并热爱所从事的事业,人人皆可超越他们的环境并取得成功。