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海天考研每日作业
●Part1
考研核心词汇
plaintiff
[ˈpleɪntɪf]
n.原告;
plaster
[ˈplɑ:stə(r)]
n.石膏; 膏药; 灰泥,涂墙泥;
v.涂以灰泥; 在…上敷贴膏药; 减轻; 黏贴;
plateau
[ˈplætəʊ]
n.高原; 平稳时期,稳定水平; 停滞期;
v.进入停滞期; 达到平稳状态;
plausible
[ˈplɔ:zəbl]
adj.貌似真实的; 貌似有理的; 花言巧语的; 有眉有眼;
plea
[pli]
n.恳求,请求; (被告或被告律师的) 抗辩,答辩; 借口,托辞; 请愿;
plead
[pli:d]
v.恳求; 辩论;以…为理由; 陈述案情; 申辩,认罪,辩护;
plight
[plaɪt]
n.境况,困境; 誓约;
v.保证,约定;
plough
[plaʊ]
n.犁; 耕作,耕地;
v.用犁耕田; 开路; 投(资);
plumber
[ˈplʌmə(r)]
n.管子工,水暖工;
plunge
[plʌndʒ]
v.用力插入; 使陷入; 跳入; 全心投入; 突降,俯冲;
n.投入,陷入; 游泳,跳水;
plural
[ˈplʊərəl]
adj.复数的;
n.复数; 复数形式; 复数词;
pneumonia
[nju:ˈməʊniə]
n.肺炎; 急性肺炎;
poison
[ˈpɔɪzn]
n.毒药; 酒; 极糟的食物; 极有害的思想(或心情等);
v.毒死; 污染; 放毒于; 对…有不良影响;
adj.有毒的;
poisonous
[ˈpɔɪzənəs]
adj.有毒的; 有害的; 恶意的;
poke
[pəʊk]
v.戳,捅; 推; 刺探,干涉; 伸出; 闲逛;
n.刺,戳;
polar
[ˈpəʊlə(r)]
adj.极地的,两极的; 正好相反的; 磁极的,有磁性的;
ponder
[ˈpɒndə(r)]
v.思索,衡量; 仔细考虑,沉思;
pope
[pəʊp]
n.罗马教皇; 主教; 权威,大师;
porcelain
[ˈpɔ:səlɪn]
n.瓷,瓷器;
adj.瓷制的; 精美的; 脆的,易碎的;
porch
[pɔ:tʃ]
n.门廊; 游廊,走廊;
portfolio
[pɔ:tˈfəʊliəʊ]
n.证券投资组合; 公文包; 代表作品集;
portray
[pɔ:ˈtreɪ]
v.描绘; 描述; 画像; 描画;
possession
[pəˈzeʃn]
n.有,所有,拥有; 领地; 财产,所有权,占有物,所有物; 持有违禁物;
poster
[ˈpəʊstə(r)]
n.招贴画; 海报,招贴,公告; 张贴者;
posture
[ˈpɒstʃə(r)]
n.姿势; 看法; 态度; 立场;
v.做出某种姿势;
poultry
[ˈpəʊltri]
n.〈集合词〉家禽;
poverty
[ˈpɒvəti]
n.贫穷; 缺乏,不足; 贫瘠,不毛; 低劣;
powder
[ˈpaʊdə(r)]
n.粉,粉末; 粉状物质;
v. 涂粉,变成粉末;
practitioner
[prækˈtɪʃənə(r)]
n.从业者; 执业医生; 习艺者; 专门人才;
precede
[prɪˈsi:d]
v.在…之前发生或出现,先于; 在…之上,优于; 给…作序; 处于…前面的位置;
precedent
[ˈpresɪdənt]
n.先例; 前例;
adj.在前的,在先的;
precise
[prɪˈsaɪs]
adj.精密; 精确的; 清晰的; 正规的;
precision
[prɪˈsɪʒn]
n.精确度,准确(性);
adj.精确的,准确的,细致的; 严守标准的; 行动精确的;
preclude
[prɪˈklu:d]
v.排除; 妨碍; 阻止;
predecessor
[ˈpri:dɪsesə(r)]
n.前任,前辈; 原有事物,前身;
predominant
[prɪˈdɒmɪnənt]
adj.主要的,占主导地位的; 占优势的,卓越的; 有影响的;
prejudice
[ˈpredʒudɪs]
n.侵害; 成见,偏见,歧视; 伤害;
v.使有偏见; 不利于,损害;
premier
[ˈpremiə(r)]
n.总理; 首相;
adj.首要的; 第一的,首位的; 最先的; 最早的;
premise
[‘premɪs]
n.前提;
v.预述(条件等); 提出…为前提; 假设; 作出前提;
premium
[ˈpri:miəm]
n.保险费; 额外费用; 附加费;
adj.优质的; 高昂的;
●Part2
真题长难句
In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the noncommercial tree species are recognized as members of the native forest community, to be preserved as such, within reason.(2010翻译第四题)
劈树:本句中含有两个谓语成分“is”,“are recognized”, 故本句可以切分为两个独立的分句。
第一分句为:where forestry is ecologically more advanced;
第二分句为:In Europe,the noncommercial tree species are recognized as members of the native forest community, to be preserved as such, within reason;
造竹:第一分句是“where”引导的定语从句,修饰介词短语“In Europe”中的地点名词 “Europe”,引导词“where”相当于“in which”;第二分句为主句。
难词(词组)及在句中的含义:
forestry (林业)
ecologically (生态方面的)
community (群落)
第一分句:where forestry is ecologically more advanced;
“forestry”在句中含义为“林业”;
“ecologically”的含义为“生态方面的”;
第一分句整体含义为“林业生态更为发达的;
第一分句翻译为:林业生态更为发达的;
第二分句:In Europe,the noncommercial tree species are recognized as members of the native forest community, to be preserved as such, within reason;
“noncommercial”的含义为“不具备商业价值的”;
“be recognized as”的含义为“被认为,被当作”,翻译时可添加泛指主语译为主动形式;
“native forest community”的含义为“本土森林群落”;
不定式“to be preserved”是一种跟进的行为,含义为“受到保护”,逻辑上主语为“the noncommercial tree species”;
“as such”中“as”表示原因,所以“as such”可以翻译为“由此”;
“to be preserved as such”可以翻译为“(它们)由此受到保护”;
“within reason”是介词短语在句中作状语成份,含义为“合理的”,翻译时前置于主谓之间;
第二分句翻译为:在欧洲,人们将不具备商业价值的树种视为本土森林群落中的成员,(它们)由此合理地受到保护;
由于定语从句并不复杂,所修饰名词也不复杂,故将两个分句合并翻译更吻合书面语言的要求。
原文回顾:
In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the noncommercial tree species are recognized as members of the native forest community, to be preserved as such, within reason.
全句翻译为:在林业生态更为发达的欧洲,人们将不具备商业价值的树种视为本土森林群落中的成员,(它们)由此合理地受到保护。
句式结构考点:where 所引导定语从句;被动语态的处理;介词短语做状语;
难度级别:
短语背诵:
ecologically more advanced
members of the native forest community
to be preserved
●明日预告
It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning.(2010翻译第五题)
●智慧点滴
Progress is the activity of today and the assurance of tomorrow.
进取是今天的行动和明天的保障。