【乐听】纪念海明威：大师的诺贝尔文学奖获奖辞（有文稿）

今天是美国著名文学家海明威辞世53周年的日子。让我们重温一下大师的诺贝尔文学奖获奖辞。1954年，海明威以小说《老人与海》获得诺贝尔文学奖，但由于健康不佳，他没有出席颁奖典礼，而是亲自撰写了一篇演讲辞，由时任美国驻瑞典大使卡波特代为宣读。尽管如此，这篇言简意赅，却有明显海明威风格的演讲辞还是被广为流传。后来海明威又专门录制了一版。 No writer who knows the great writers who did not receive the Prize can accept it other than with humility. There is no need to list these writers. Everyone here may make his own list according to his knowledge and his conscience. 任何一个作家，但凡熟知未获诺奖之先贤前辈大有人在，都不会冒然领受诺奖。而此类名家众若繁星，数不胜数。在座诸君，可按各自才学良知，尽情盘算列举。 It would be impossible for me to ask the Ambassador of my country to read a speech in which a writer said all of the things which are in his heart. Things may not be immediately discernible in what a man writes, and in this sometimes he is fortunate; but eventually they are quite clear and by these and the degree of alchemy that he possesses he will endure or be forgotten. 我不能请本国大使代我宣读言及作家所有内心感受的讲稿。作品内容，往往不能即刻被人理解，而这，对作家而言，有时未尝不是幸事；然而，作品内容终将为人理解，作家也会因其晓谕之心、教诲之情，或名垂青史留，或为人遗忘。 Writing, at its best, is a lonely life. Organizations for writers palliate the writer’s loneliness but I doubt if they improve his writing. He grows in public stature as he sheds his loneliness and often his work deteriorates. For he does his work alone and if he is a good enough writer he must face eternity, or the lack of it, each day. 写作本质，实为孤寂生活。作协固然可排遣作家孤独，但能否激发其创作，我深表怀疑。作家排遣寂寥之苦，自然会与纷繁喧嚣为伴，但其作品势必流于平庸。作家一般独自劳作，若天分非凡，就得面对永恒，反之则日趋平庸。 For a true writer each book should be a new beginning where he tries again for something that is beyond attainment. He should always try for something that has never been done or that others have tried and failed. Then sometimes, with good luck, he will succeed. 真的作家，每本书都该是暂新起点，不断涉猎未知、上下求索、走前人未走之路、行前人未竟之事，方可侥幸成功。 How simple the writing of literature would be if it were only necessary to write in another way what has been well written. It is because we have had such great writers in the past that a writer is driven far out past where he can go, out to where no one can help him. 文学创作，若只需另行书写已成之作，那将何等容易！正因前辈名家超凡脱俗、一袭绝尘，现代作家才更要匹马单枪、奋起直追、超越先贤。 I have spoken too long for a writer. A writer should write what he has to say and not speak it. Again I thank you. 作为作家，我已讲得太多。而作家只书必言之言，而非喋喋不休、夸夸其谈。再次感谢大家。