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圣诞节(Christmas)又称耶诞节,耶稣诞辰,译名为“基督弥撒”,西方传统节日,在每年12月25日传说每到12月24日晚上,有个神秘人会乘驾由9只驯鹿拉的雪橇在天上飞翔,挨家挨户地从烟囱进入屋里,然后偷偷把礼物放在好孩子床头的袜子里,或者堆在壁炉旁的圣诞树下。他在一年中的其他时间里,都是忙于制作礼物和监督孩子们的行为。
虽然没有人真的见过神秘人的样子,但是人们会装扮成他的样子来给孩子送上礼物。他通常被描述为一位老人,头戴红色帽子,大大的白色胡子,一身红色棉衣,脚穿红色靴子的样子,拿着装有礼物的大袋子,因为总在圣诞节前夜出现派发礼物,所以习惯地称他为“圣诞老人”。
他普遍被认为是基督教的圣人圣·尼古拉斯(Saint Nicholas)的衍生形象。我们都知道他住在北极,
然而你可能不知道,他其实来自土耳其。
Tonight is the night when children in much of the western world 今晚是许多西方儿童都期待的夜晚,
will be waiting for a portly man in red and white to pass by on his sleigh 他们盼望身着红白衣服的胖老人乘雪橇路过,
and climb down the chimney to deliver the Christmas presents. 爬下烟囱,分发圣诞礼物。
Santa Clause, or Father Christmas has of course, become a much-loved institution. 圣诞老人,或圣诞老爹,俨然已成为受人爱戴的形象。
And while we all know, he lives at the North Pole, 我们都知道他住在北极,
you might not realize he’s actually from Turkey. 然而你可能不知道,他其实来自土耳其。
For a country that doesn’t officially celebrate Christmas, 在这样一个不正式庆祝圣诞节的国家,
they are putting on quite a Santa show at this Istanbul shopping center. 人们正在伊斯坦布尔购物中心举办大型圣诞老人展.
Festive musicians and Santa hats. 到处都是喜庆的乐手和圣诞帽。
We all know who he is, but do we know who he was? 我们都知道他是谁,但是我们知道他的身世吗?
Crowds of pilgrims come here to venerate Saint Nicolas. 众多游客来这里拜访圣·尼古拉斯。
He was bishop of the town in the 4th century. 尼古拉斯是4世纪时这个城镇的主教。
Nicolas’ humility and kindness became known and he was canonized soon after his death. 他的谦逊和善良为人所知,去世后不久便被尊崇为圣人。
So loved was he that his bones were stolen from his church in 1087, 他是如此受人爱戴,以至于1087年,担心土耳其入侵的人将尼古拉斯的遗骨从教堂偷出,
taken to Italy by those fearing the invading Turks. 带到了意大利。
Everyone dreams for the coming of Santa Clause to bring him something. 所有人都梦想着圣诞老人能够带着礼物降临。
Stories about him spread throughout the centuries including one in which 他的故事千古流传,
he helped a poor merchant who couldn’t afford dowry for his daughters. 其中一个讲的是他帮助一个穷商人为女儿置办嫁妆。
In the dead of night, Nicolas came to throw gold into his house. 夜深人静之时,尼古拉斯来到商人家准备抛撒金子,
But the windows were barred so he set to have hauled it down the chimney landing, 但是窗户上有栅栏,所以他就从烟囱上往下抛撒。
yes, you guessed it, in the girls’ stocking hung up to dry. 是的,你猜对了,金子正好落在女儿们正在晾干的长筒袜里。
The tourists here are enchanted. 这里的游客对圣诞老人的故事很着迷。
I guess, I thought, Santa Clause was just a commercial business. 我以前想,圣诞老人不过是一个商业噱头。
But I learned here today that he was a real man that did great things. 但今天我在这里了解到,圣诞老人确有其人,而且他做了很多好事。
And he is a legend continued. 他是个不朽的传奇。
I’m proud because he was a saint. 我很自豪,因为他是一个圣人。
He helped all the people. 帮助所有人。
He helped us. 帮助我们。
And now he helped me every day. 现在,他每天都在帮助我。
Very few people knows this fact. 很少有人知道事实。
在现实生活中,有位真正而唯一的圣诞老人就住在芬兰,但是你可能不知道,其实天天都可以去拜访他。圣诞老人的办公室位于罗瓦涅米市。圣诞老人小屋就如圣诞老人本身一样,又温暖又亲切,他的办公室可能是这个世界上最令孩子们亲切的地方,在那里,圣诞老人认真倾听孩子们的心愿,为他们唱圣诞颂歌,我们可以在圣诞老人村和罗瓦涅米旅游局的网站上了解更多信息,例如给圣诞老人写信的地址,办公室的具体地点,以及预订见面的时间等等。
So how did the good Bishop Nicolas transform into the much-loved man in red? 那么,善良的尼古拉斯主教是怎样变身一身红衣、受人爱戴的人呢?
Well, the legends were taken by the Europeans known to be the Dutch to the new world. 关于他的传说是由欧洲人,据说是荷兰人,带到新大陆的。
Through illustrations and poetry, his modern image was born, 通过插画和诗歌,他的现代形象诞生了,
the name changed, Saint Nicolas to Santa Clause. 名字也由圣·尼古拉斯变为圣诞老人。
They are looking for ways to create their own traditions and they turned to Nicolas, 他们在想办法创造自己的传统,所以想到了尼古拉斯,
reintroducing him no longer as a bishop, but now as a gift giver. 再次介绍的时候,他的身份不再是主教,而是送礼物的人。
Do you think it’s sad that so few people around the world know where the magical man 对于这个一年一度爬下烟囱的魔法老人,
who climbs down the chimney once a year actually originates from? 很少有人知道他的真正身世,你认为可悲吗?
The figure of Santa Clause has become a sort of a vapid commercialized character for so many people. 对许多人来说,圣诞老人已经成为一种令人乏味的商业形象。
Nicolas advocated justice, stood up for his fellow citizens. 尼古拉斯倡导正义,拥护他的同胞。
So I think there’s a lot of stories that are missing. 所以,我认为大家错过了很多故事。
关于圣诞,在这里向大家推荐一部小说,由查尔斯·狄更斯在1843年创作的《圣诞颂歌》,从1843年到1848年间,狄更斯几乎在每年圣诞节都发表一个与节日有关的中篇小说,其中《圣诞颂歌》具有极其特殊的地位,在《圣诞颂歌》出版的维多利亚时代。圣诞节并不为很多英国人所知,然而书中的任务和情节在西方家喻户晓后,故事中的一些情节成了圣诞节约定风俗,诸如:家庭团聚,互换礼物,圣诞餐饮。一百多年来集聚的人气使其成为狄更斯的小说中最深入人心的一部,这部作品深刻改变了现代圣诞节在西方世界的地位和价值,圣诞快乐的说法也是由此而得以流行的。狄更斯本人也因此被称为“发明圣诞节”的人。
圣诞节最高兴的,是亲手布置屋子里的每一个角落。精挑细选的礼物。花心思所筹备的一切小故事。这些举动都是冬日里最好的取暖方式。恍如白昼的夜晚,人潮涌动的街道,温暖明亮的橱窗,还有那挂满礼物的圣诞树。
Christmas comes out but once a year.But once a year.
But when it comes it brings good cheer.