【新闻】American electoral system

Hello everyone, this is Campus Radio Service, I’m Chris ，how are you these days? It is learned that the current US presidential election in 2020 has finally come to an end. Due to Trump’s various performances during the epidemic, Biden won the election with a clear advantage. I think there are some people who do not understand the American electoral system as I do. Today we are going to learn more about the American electoral system. 据了解，当前2020年美国总统大选终于落下帷幕，由于特朗普在疫情期间的种种表现，拜登以明显的优势竞选成功。可看到票数时我想也有人会跟我一样，对美国的选举制度不解，今天我们就一起了解一下美国的选举制度。 Two hundred years ago, when the United States was just founded, the founders of the United States designed the electoral college system. The total number of electoral votes in the United States is 538, representing the total number of senators (100), representatives (435) and Washington, D.C. (3). Senators are allocated by state, 2 from each of the 50 states; Representatives are elected by population, about half a million people. New York, for example, with a population of more than 16 million, has 31 house members, plus two senators, for a total of 33 electoral votes. 在二百年前美国刚建国时，美国的创建者们就设计了选举人制度，美国全部”选举人票”共538张，是参议员（100名）、众议员（435名）、华盛顿特区代表（3名）的总数。参议员按州分配，50州每州2名；众议员按人口产生，约50多万人选出一名。例如纽约州约有1,600多万人口，就有31名众议员，再加上2名参议员，总共有33张选举人票。 A presidential candidate who wins a majority of the state's votes, that is, all of the state's electoral votes, with the exception of Maine and Nebraska, is called a "winner-take-all." Under the Electoral College system, a candidate is elected President if he or she wins more than half (270) of the 538 cumulative electoral votes in each state. 除缅因州、内布拉斯加州外，任何一个总统候选人如果赢得了这个州的多数人投票，即赢得了这个州的所有选举人票，被称为”赢者通吃”。 按照选举人团制度，候选人在各州赢得的选举人票累计超过538票的一半（270张），就当选总统。 As a result of the winner-takes-all method, candidates may win the national popular vote by the head, but lose by less than a majority of the electoral votes. In the 2000 election, for example, in the national head ticket, democratic presidential candidate al gore republican bush more than in 500000, but due to the bush won in Florida gore hundreds of tickets to the man’s head, according to the winner-take-all principle, Mr Bush had won the state’s total 25 electoral votes, thus making his electoral votes more than half in the whole country, and was elected President. 由于是采用赢者通吃的计算方式，那么就可能出现候选人赢了全国按人头计算的普选票，却因选举人票没过半而输了大选的现象。例如，2000年大选时，在全国人头票中，民主党候选人戈尔比共和党候选人布什多出50万张，但由于最后在佛罗里达州布什赢了戈尔几百张人头票，按赢者通吃原则，布什就赢得了该州的全部25张选举人票，因而使他的选举人票在全国超过半数，而当选了总统。