1.Irregular plurals: child – children, penny – pence, foot – feet, woman – women, mouse – mice, tooth – teeth, goose – geese, person – people
2.plural same as singular: headquarters, series, crossroads, species, means
3.foreign plurals:
analysis /sis/ – analyses /si:z/ (Latin); appendix /diks/– appendices /si:z/ (Latin); basis /sis/– bases /si:z/ (Greek); crisis /sis/ – crises /si:z/ (Greek); Bacterium – bacteria (Latin)
4.compound nouns: passer-by & passers-by, runner up & runners-up
5.plurals with no singular forms: police, staff, trousers, jeans, pyjamas, pants, scissors, glasses, binoculars