《论语》阳货篇8

Tsze-lu said, "Does the superior man esteem valor?" The Master said, "The superior man holds righteousness to be of highest importance. 子路曰：“君子尚勇乎？”子曰：“君子义以为上。 A man in a superior situation, having valor without righteousness, will be guilty of insubordination, one of the lower people having valor without righteousness, will commit robbery." 君子有勇而无义为乱，小人有勇而无义为盗。” Tsze-kung said, "Has the superior man his hatreds also?" The Master said, "He has his hatreds. He hates those who proclaim the evil of others, he hates the man who, being in a low station, slanders his superiors, 子贡曰：“君子亦有恶乎？”子曰：“有恶。恶称人之恶者，恶居下流而讪上者， He hates those who have valor merely, and are unobservant of propriety, He hates those who are forward and determined, and, at the same time, of contracted understanding." 恶勇而无礼者，恶果敢而窒者。” The Master then inquired, "Ts'ze, have you also your hatreds?" Tsze-kung replied, "I hate those who pry out matters, and ascribe the knowledge to their wisdom, 曰：“赐也亦有恶乎？”“恶徼以为知者， I hate those who are only not modest, and think that they are valorous, I hate those who make known secrets, and think that they are straightforward." 恶不孙以为勇者，恶讦以为直者。” The Master said, "Of all people, girls and servants are the most difficult to behave to, If you are familiar with them, they lose their humility, if you maintain a reserve towards them, they are discontented." 子曰：“唯女子与小人为难养也，近之则不孙，远之则怨。” The Master said, "When a man at forty is the object of dislike, he will always continue what he is." 子曰：“年四十而见恶焉，其终也已。”