介绍:
2021年10月9日 周六 瓦尔登湖三人行（106）直播实况录制
时间：晚8:30——9:30
汉英文本
Walden [ˈwɔldən] (Issue 106) 结束篇
8. The Village (3)
[3] One afternoon, near the end of the first summer, when I went to the village to get a shoe from the cobbler's, I was seized and put into jail, because, as I have elsewhere related, I did not pay a tax to, or recognize the authority of, the State which buys and sells men, women, and children, like cattle, at the door of its senate-house. I had gone down to the woods for other purposes. But, wherever a man goes, men will pursue and paw him with their dirty institutions, and, if they can, constrain him to belong to their desperate odd-fellow society. It is true, I might have resisted forcibly with more or less effect, might have run "amok" against society; but I preferred that society should run "amok" against me, it being the desperate party. However, I was released the next day, obtained my mended shoe, and returned to the woods in season to get my dinner of huckleberries on Fair Haven Hill. I was never molested by any person but those who represented the State. I had no lock nor bolt but for the desk which held my papers, not even a nail to put over my latch or windows. I never fastened my door night or day, though I was to be absent several days; not even when the next fall I spent a fortnight in the woods of Maine. And yet my house was more respected than if it had been surrounded by a file of soldiers. The tired rambler could rest and warm himself by my fire, the literary amuse himself with the few books on my table, or the curious, by opening my closet door, see what was left of my dinner, and what prospect I had of a supper. Yet, though many people of every class came this way to the pond, I suffered no serious inconvenience from these sources, and I never missed anything but one small book, a volume of Homer, which perhaps was improperly gilded, and this I trust a soldier of our camp has found by this time. I am convinced, that if all men were to live as simply as I then did, thieving and robbery would be unknown. These take place only in communities where some have got more than is sufficient while others have not enough. The Pope's Homers would soon get properly distributed.
"Nec bella fuerunt,
Faginus astabat dum scyphus ante dapes."
"Nor wars did men molest,
When only beechen bowls were in request."
"You who govern public affairs, what need have you to employ punishments? Love virtue, and the people will be virtuous. The virtues of a superior man are like the wind; the virtues of a common man are like the grass; the grass, when the wind passes over it, bends."
一天下午，就在第一个夏天接近结束，当回村子从一个鞋匠那里取回一只鞋，我被抓住投入了监狱，因为，就像我在其他场合表述的，我没付一项税收，或者承认这样一个国家的权威，它像买卖牛一样地买卖男人、女人和孩子，就在参议大厅的门前。我到林中是为了其他一些目的。但是，一个正直的人走到哪里，人们总要用他们那肮脏的机构追逐和攫取他，而且假如可能，就去限定他属于他们那绝望古怪团伙的社会。真的，我可以用激烈的方式抵抗也许更有或更少效果，可以“疯狂”地反抗社会；可我到更宁愿社会“疯狂”地来反对我，因为它才站在绝望的一边。无论如何，第二天我被释放了，去拿走了我修好的鞋，及时回到林子里，到纽黑文山去得到我的越橘午餐。我从来没有被任何人抵押过，除了那些来自政府方面的代表。我的门既没有锁也不上栓，家里就是张桌子来放我那些纸，甚至没有一颗钉子插在门闩或窗子那里。黑夜或白天我从不紧关我的门，虽然我可能几天不在家；甚至下年秋天我在缅因的森林里度过了一星期。可是我的房子比起有一队英国兵包围更加令人尊敬。那倦了的漫游者可以在我的炉火旁歇歇脚暖和一下自己，那识文断字的人也可以用我桌上不多的几本书消遣，或者那好奇心重的，可以打开我的橱柜，看看我留下什么午餐，以及我晚餐吃什么。可是，虽然各阶层的这么多人这样来湖边，我也没有什么特别严重的不舒服。我从没丢过什么东西除了一本小书，是一个荷马的集子，也许是由于封面不适当地烫了金。这书我相信是我们营地的一个士兵找到拿走了。我不得不相信，如果所有的人都生活得像我一样简单，盗窃、抢劫就不会发生。在社区之所以这样是由于一些人得到太多以至于溢出来，而另一些人不足。(《老子》七十七章：天之道，损有余而补不足；人之道，则不然，损不足以奉有余。)蒲伯翻译的荷马会很快得到正当的散布，因为说的就是这一点。
"Nec bella fuerunt,
Faginus astabat dum scyphus ante dapes."
“人们才不会押上战争,
当食物仅需要山毛榉的木碗盛放。”
“子为政，焉用杀？子欲善而民善矣。君子之德风，人小之德草，草上之风，必偃(yǎn)。”
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