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Humans on Mars Soonish Says NASA Bigwig
【科学60秒】 人类正奔向火星
Last week NASA hailed the launch of its new Orion capsule as the first step toward sending people to Mars. But is a manned mission to the Red Planet really doable?
上周ＮＡＳＡ刚刚对它们成功发射的 新猎户星太空舱作出欢呼，这是迈向发射载人航天器登陆火星的第一步。但人工操作的飞往这颗红色星球的飞行器真的可行么？
“I liken it to the 1920s, ‘30s, ‘40s when it was believed that Everest might be impossible to climb.” John Grunsfeld, the former astronaut who now heads NASA’s Science Mission Directorate. We spoke at Cape Canaveral just before the Orion launch.
“我把它比喻成上个世纪２０年代，三四十年代，当时大部分人都认为人类也许不能成功登上珠穆朗玛峰。” 这是John Grunsfeld, 一名退役的宇航员，现在领导ＮＡＳＡ科学行动指挥部。我们当时就在猎户号飞船发射刚刚发射不久后对他进行了采访。
“Well, eventually it was climbed by Tenzing Norgay and Sir Edmund Hilary. And they did this big siege approach where they had thousands of porters and they brought big camps and afternoon tea and all this kind of stuff. And that was kind of the Apollo approach to going to the moon and back safely in a decade. We brought all resources to bear.
“可是，Tenzing Norgay和Sir Edmund Hilary最终还是登上了珠峰。” 并且他们的这次大型长期的攀岩活动里还雇用了无数的搬运工，他们当时还带了大帐篷下午茶以及各种相关生活用品。而这种方法类似于阿波罗号登陆月球时采用的十年内登录并安全返回的设计方案。我们带了能带的所有用品。
“But modern exploration on Earth—polar exploration, Antarctic, climbing, even climbing Mount Everest—people do it in a very light fashion using technology, they’re very creative and they take more risks in some cases. And I think that’s going to be our path to Mars, a much leaner path and one where we are able to use technology to enable the way, rather than a big siege approach.
“但现代化的地球探索活动如－极地探险，南极阿、爬山啊，甚至是珠峰攀登这种——人们无一例外的依靠技术帮助进行的，他们都是很有创造力的并且有时候还面临更多危险。我认为这就像我们要登陆火星这条路，一条精简的路线，一条我们用技术能实现的路，而不是那种大型耗时费力的方法。”
“And so I think it’s very realistic. I think we could do it in the 2030’s, certainly by the 2040’s, with the national will and the interest. And I think it’s our science missions that are providing that drive.”
“因此我认为它还是很现实的一种方法。我认为在国家支持和利益驱动下，我们应该能在２０３０年做到它，在２０４０年完善它。我认为我们科学指挥部正在为此提供动力。”
