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See Movement Better by Bicarb
【科学60秒】视力和碳酸之间的关系
Most carbon dioxide that travels from your muscles to your lungs for exhalation does so not as CO2 proper, but as part of bicarbonate: HCO₃—Bicarbonate's vital to maintaining your blood pH, and it also aids in digestion.
大部分二氧化碳从你的肌肉组织被运输到肺组织进行气体交换，整个过程中并不是以二氧化碳这种形式存在的，而是以一部分二碳酸：碳酸氢根这种形式存在——碳酸氢盐对于维持你的血液的PH值很重要，并且它还能辅助消化。
But it turns out bicarbonate also tweaks the activity of rod cells in your retina. In everyday vision, photons flood your rod cells, setting off a chemical cascade that eventually translates into an electrical message about what you saw. But in lab tests, higher than normal levels of bicarbonate allow the rods to recover from that photon response 30 percent faster. A 30 percent higher refresh rate, essentially—meaning your ability to detect movement would improve. The downside? This rapid reset of the rod cells means they're less sensitive to light.
但是研究显示碳酸氢盐也能调整你的视网膜中的视杆细胞的活性。在每天你用眼的时候，光子充斥着你的视杆细胞，引发一种化学级联反应最终能把你所看到的内容信息转化为电信号信息。在实验室的测试中，比正常含量高一些的碳酸氢盐可以使得视杆细胞从对光子做出反应的活动中恢复速度提高30%。这30%的恢复率，很有必要——意味着你能提高探测周围移动物体的能力。有没有不利因素？这种快速重起视杆细胞 的能力意味着它们对光大的敏感性降低。
"If you're sitting in darkness and you turned on a steady light, it might now take brighter light for you to say, 'I can see that.'" Study author Clint Makino, of the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Harvard Med School. "Or if the light's already on, it would take a larger increment in intensity for you to say, 'Ok, it looks brighter now.'" The results are in the Journal of Biological Chemistry. [Teresa Duda et al, Bicarbonate Modulates Photoreceptor Guanylate Cyclase (ROS-GC) Catalytic Activity]
如果你坐在黑暗的环境里，然后你打开一种稳定的光线的光源，现在你可以说你被较强的光线照射了。“我能看的见。”该研究的作者Clint Makino在马塞诸塞州眼睛和耳朵诊所以及哈佛医学院工作。或许，如果光源已经打开，你需要挑更高的亮度后才能说‘好吧，现在却是亮点儿了。’该研究结果已发表在《生物化学》杂志上。
Makino says heavy exercise—which causes a boost in CO2—might even alter the body's bicarbonate enough to trigger a measurable effect on the eye. "I don't think it's known whether your vision changes under conditions of vigorous exercise. So that'll be an interesting question for the experimental psychologists and the psychophysicists." And if you're eyeing your club soda as a shortcut to CO2? He says most of those bubbles never make it past the belch.
Makino说，剧烈运动——一种会促进二氧化碳的含量增加——也许甚至会转化身体里更多的二氧化碳从而引发对眼睛的可测量的影响。我认为你的视觉成像在充满活力的运动条件下不会发生变化。因此，这个问题对实验心理学家和精神生理学家来讲会很有趣。并且如果你正在看着俱乐部里提供的苏打水，是不是就意味着你体内的二氧化碳就生成减少了呢？他表示，大部分这种气体泡泡打嗝是排不出来的。
—Christopher Intagliata
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