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定语从句
一．引入环节
看下面的句子，试着找出定语。（请在定语部分划线）
1. I have a very good book.
2. I have a book to read.
3. I have an interesting book.
4. I have a book written by Lu Xun.
5. I have a book about Chinese history.
6. I have a book which the teacher recommended.
观察句子，试着找出定语从句。（请在定语从句部分划线）
1. The woman who wears a pair of glasses is Mary.
2. This is the teacher who helps me a lot.
3. This is the house where I lived two years ago.
4. Tell me the reason why you were absent yesterday.
有定语从句的复合句的构成。（请把两个句子合并为一个从句，并写在横线上）
1. The woman is Mary.
2. The woman wears a pair of glasses.
1. Do you know the man?
2. The man gave us a speech yesterday.
总结：定语从句所在句子的结构
二．学习目标
1.掌握定语从句的分类
2.掌握关系代词的用法
3.掌握关系副词的用法
4.掌握关系代词与关系副词的区别
三．知识讲解
定语从句的分类—限定性和非限定性
限定性定语从句 ：
例句：This is the player who got the first prize.
特点：
1.限定性定语从句用于修饰和限定先行词，与先行词之间的关系非常密切。如果
删去，则剩下的部分意思就会含混不清。
2.在限定性定语从句和主句之间，不用任何标点。
非限定性定语从句 ：
例句：My sister, who lives in London, is a nurse.
特点：
1.非限定性定语从句是先行词的一个附加修饰语，对先行词只起进一步说明的作用。如果删掉它，不影响整个句子的基本意思。
2.通常在非限定性定语从句和其他句子之间,用逗号分开。
3.非限定性定语从句不能用that引导。
观察下列各句，试着分出限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。
1. The woman who is speaking at the meeting is a famous lawyer.
2. Tom, who was one of my old friends, came to see me from London. 3. 3. This is our new library, where we can read some foreign magazines.
4. This is the factory where we worked last year.
定语从句的连接词
包括关系代词和关系副词，都是用来引导定语从句的。
关系代词：有who, whom, which, whose, that等， 起着代词和连词的作用。
关系副词：有where, when和why三个， 起着副词或介词短语和连词的作用。
1. 关系代词who/whom的用法
who的先行词必须是人，在从句中可以担任主语，往往也可以代替在从句中担任宾语的whom。若前带介词，则必须用宾格的whom，即：介词+whom。
例句：
1. This is the teacher who helps me a lot.
2. She is the girl who/whom I met at the party.
3. She is the girl who/whom I went with there.
4. She is the girl with whom I went there.
2. 关系代词whose的用法
whose是代词的所有格，可代人也可代物， 在定语从句中作定语。
例句：（请把下面的句子拆分成两个句子，并写在横线上）
1. Do you know the man whose name is Wang Yun?
2. He lives in a house whose windows face south.
3. I saw a woman whose bag was stolen.
3. 关系代词which的用法
which用来指代物，在从句中可以作主语，也可以作 宾语，作宾语时可以省略。which也可以代替整个主句。
例句：
1. The river which flows through our village is very helpful to the villagers.
2. I’m sorry. I forgot to bring the magazine (which) you want.
3. The sun heats the earth, which makes it possible for man to live.
4. 关系代词that的用法
that既可以指代人，也可以指代物。在从句中可以作主语和宾语，作宾语时可以省略。
例句：
1. All that I want is a nice meal and a good rest.
2. Who is the girl that is talking with the teacher?
3. Yesterday afternoon he showed me the picture(that) he
had just taken.
5. 关系代词that和which的区别
（1）在限定性定语从句中，which和that在指代物的时候， 一般可以通用。
例句：
The money that/which is in the wallet is mine.
The book (that/which) I bought yesterday is on the table.
（2）在非限定定语从句中，只能用which，不能用that。
例句：
Susan’s dog, which was very old now, became ill and died.
Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a ve
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