翻滚吧！！肿瘤君！

内镜下微创治疗 Endoscopic minimally invasive treatment 我国是消化道肿瘤的高发国家，目前我国消化系统肿瘤发病占总恶性肿瘤发病数的50%以上，其中胃癌、食管癌、结直肠癌分别居肿瘤发病的第2、4、6位。在现实生活中，经常是患者一经诊断，往往已经处于疾病中晚期。此时再进行治疗，疗效不好，5年生存率低于20%，不仅患者生命严重受到威胁，还加重了患者和家庭的经济负担以及社会负担，导致很多家庭因病返贫。 China is a high incidence of gastrointestinal cancer countries, more than 50% of the total number of malignant tumors is the digestive system tumors in our country, of which gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, colorectal [kəʊlə'rektəl] cancer incidence of cancer incidence rank of 2,4,6. In real life, after the patient is diagnosed, it is often already in the late stage of the disease. At this time, treatment is still not effective and the 5-year survival rate is below 20%. Not only the patient's life is seriously threatened, but also the financial burden on the patients and their families and the social, resulting in many families returning to poverty. 随着人们健康意识的增强和消化内镜检查的逐渐增加，消化道粘膜下肿瘤、早期癌和癌前病变（如不典型增生、腺瘤型息肉等）的发现迅速增多。对于消化道的这些病变，传统的外科手术切除，疗效确切，但手术创伤大、患者恢复慢、住院时间长、治疗费用高，术后生活质量也大为降低。近年来迅猛发展起来的经内镜介入微创治疗，改变了外科手术的概念，因为大部分消化道病变可以在内镜下治疗，而不再需要传统的外科手术。 With the enhancement of people's health awareness and the increase of digestive endoscopy development, the discovery of gastrointestinal submucosal tumors, early cancers and precancerous lesions (such as dysplasia, adenomatous polyps, etc.) is rapidly increasing. For these lesions of the digestive tract, the traditional surgical resection have the exact effect, but the trauma, slow recovery, long hospital stay, high cost of treatment, postoperative quality of life is greatly reduced. The rapid development of endoscopic invasive treatment in recent years has changed the concept of surgery because most gastrointestinal lesions or early GI malignant tumor can be treated endoscopically without the traditional surgery. QA& 1、哪些疾病适合内镜下微创切除治疗？ 1）胃肠道息肉 2）粘膜下肿瘤（如平滑肌瘤、间质瘤、脂肪瘤、异位胰腺等） 3）癌前病变：高级别上皮内瘤变（不典型增生或异型增生）、扁平隆起型腺瘤等 4）食管、胃、肠道早期癌 1.Suitable diseases for endoscopic treatment? 1) Gastrointestinal polyps 2) submucosal tumors (such as leiomyoma, stromal tumor, lipoma, ectopic pancreas, etc.) 3) precancerous lesions: high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (dysplasia or dysplasia), flat-type adenoma, etc. 4) early cancer lesion located in esophagus, stomach, intestinal.  QA& 2、内镜下微创切除的方法 目前，内镜下微创手术常用的方法有：内镜下粘膜切除术（EMR）、内镜下粘膜下层剥离术（ESD）、经口内镜下食管、胃肌层切开术（POME）等等。 2, endoscopic minimally invasive resection therapy Currently, endoscopic minimally invasive surgery commonly used methods are: endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), endoscopic submucosal stripping (ESD), peroral endoscopic myotomy (POME) and much more. QA& 3、内镜下微创切除治疗有哪些优势？ 1）创伤小，病人易耐受。既能将肿瘤完整切除，又能保留消化道的正常机能，避免了外科手术（如开胸、开腹等大手术）引起的病人生活质量下降。 2）治疗费用低：一般仅为外科手术的1/3-1/2。 3）术后恢复快，住院时间短，一般病人2-3天就可出院，有的可更短。 3,The advantages of endoscopic minimally invasive treatment 1) little trauma, the patient is easy to tolerate. The tumor can be completely removed, but also to retain the normal function of the digestive tract, to avoid the surgery (such as thoracotomy, laparotomy and other major surgery) caused complications that decline the quality of life of patients. 2) low cost : total fee just the1/3-1/2 surgery spending. 3) rapid recovery after endoscopic surgery, hospitalization time is short, the average patient can be discharged 2-3 days, and some may be shorter. （资料来源：renji clinic） bgm-the show 撰稿讲解：福建医科大学 淑铉铉铉