Summer！Ice Cream！

A: Sue B:Gary A:Welcome to April! This is Sue. Weather these days is comfortable, and I think you guys must have a nice break during the past small holiday. B: Yes, may the good weather continue and welcome to this week’s web programme, This is Gary, and there is something I should point out is that, don’t you think weather these days are more like summer? A: Why so hurry? I don’t see you are such a person obsessed with sunshine and hot summer breath. B: Well yes, not sunshine, nor the breath, I just miss my Ice-Cream. And actually, who doesn’t like ice-cream! A: Sure thing, so today, let’s talk about the past and present about this delicious snack which have brought us cool and fun for 500 years. A: in 13th century the great Marco Polo travelled back to Rome, Italy from China, brought back a strange recipe, a dish that only contains the mixture of some ice, milk, honey and sugar powder. He hand this recipe to Medici family, the ruler of Rome city. B: And this famous Medici family helped the Renaissance, supporting the artists and architects with their career and even had a marriage with the French Royal Family in 16th century. A: Thanks for the complement, so after the marriage with the french, ice-cream met it’s partner, Waffle, the biscuit part of today’s ice-cream, and thanks to the French, Ice-cream become soft and smooth, with the addition of Jam. Before that time, ice-cream in Italy is just mix milk and ice, makes the ice-cream rough and hard, called Gelato(意式冰激凌). B: But still, ice-cream that time can only be tasted by nobleman and crown families, since getting ice in summer was not easy, not mention one of the only two ways was to bring ice down from the top of the Alps(阿尔卑斯山). A: From France, ice-cream spread like wild fire throughout the Europe, from king in England, to the Pope in Vatican City, when summer came, ice-cream came. As Gary said before, who don’t like ice-cream. A: In the 18th century, ice-cream recipe came to the New World(新大陆), at that time, the recipe not just contain milk honey and sugar that easy, tea, jam, bread, raisin,fruits and coffee are added to the long list of “how to make ice-cream”. B: It was also in America, ice-cream met it’s second partner, chocolate, invented inadvertently by a ‘careless’ house maid of a senator, spilled the chocolate into the mixture and found it remarkably tasteful, so they add it to the recipe list. A: And with the coming of industrial revolution, ice house become possible but it only served the rich as the technology is still not stable, there’s a long way before ice-cream become cheap and popular. B: Ice-cream is first time sold to the citizens of London in 1689, 20 pounds for a dish and 22 pounds with waffle or other things added, and the average wage of London citizen, was 12 pennies a day. A: The same thing happened in the America, only the upper class can taste this delicious snack in summer, cooling them down from the heat, the others, can only have a bite in winter and make them shiver harder in the cold wind. B: It changes, since the invention of a small-scale hand-cranked ice cream freezer, this thing cranks the big piece of ice into small particles, increase ice usage and lower the cost. In this way, the price of a single dish of ice cream dropped from 20 pounds to 1.2pounds in 1856 and even lower in the later ages. A: Technological innovations like these have introduced various food additives into ice cream, the notable one being the stabilizing agent gluten, to which some people have an intolerance. Recent awareness of this issue has prompted a number of manufacturers to start producing gluten-free ice cream. B: The 1980s saw thicker ice creams being sold as "premium" and "super-premium" varieties under brands such as Ben & Jerry's, Chocolate Shoppe Ice Cream Company and Häagen-Dazs. A: And now, the history of ice-cream come to it’s peak time, it can say that every summer begin with the very first bite of the ice-cream and end at the last bite, but for health considerations, too much ice-cream might bring more trouble than fun. B: fun indeed, and this comes to the end of this week’s web programme, see you nice time. A: See you, and why not fetch an ice-cream on our way back? 播音/文稿：刘依 虞昊天 导播：陈彪