【Culture Bridge】米其林指南上海篇！

Michelin Restaurants Welcome to culture bridge, this is… Free talk:1.Do you guys know Michelin, or Michelin restaurants? Have you ever been to one of them? 2.Actually Michelin is a tire company, do you think why it bothers to evaluate restaurants around the world? Michelin (/ˈmɪʃəlɪn/ or /ˈmɪtʃəlɪn/)is a French tire manufacturer based in Clermont-Ferrand in the Auvergne région of France. It is one of the three largest tire manufacturers in the world along with Bridgestone and Goodyear. Michelin is also notable for its Red and Green travel guides, its roadmaps and the Michelin stars that the Red Guide awards to restaurants for their cooking, on which today we will focus.张源 Michelin Guides Michelin Guides are a series of guide books published by Michelin company for more than a century. The term normally refers to the annually published Michelin Red Guide, the oldest European hotel and restaurant reference guide, which awards Michelin stars for excellence to a select few establishments. The acquisition or loss of a star can have dramatic effects on the success of a restaurant. Michelin also publishes a series of general guides to countries. We should notice that Michelin star restaurant and Michelin restaurant are two different conceptions. All the restaurants introduced by the guide book are Michelin restaurants, but only those with rating stars are called Michelin star restaurants.佳琪 Inspectors Michelin reviewers (commonly called "inspectors") are completely anonymous; they do not identify themselves, and their meals and expenses are paid for by the company founded by the Michelin brothers, never by a restaurant being reviewed. In 2009 The New Yorker said: “Michelin has gone to extraordinary lengths to maintain the anonymity of its inspectors. Many of the company's top executives have never met an inspector; inspectors themselves are advised not to disclose their line of work, even to their parents (who might be tempted to boast about it); and, in all the years that it has been putting out the guide, Michelin has refused to allow its inspectors to speak to journalists. The inspectors write reports that are distilled, in annual "stars meetings" at the guide's various national offices, into the ranking of three stars, two stars, or one star—or no stars. (Establishments that Michelin deems unworthy of a visit are not included in the guide.)”李敏 Methods and layout Red Guides have historically listed many more restaurants than rival guides have done, relying on an extensive system of symbols to describe each establishment in as little as two lines. Reviews of starred restaurants also include two to three culinary specialities. Recently, short summaries (2–3 lines) have been added to enhance descriptions of many establishments. These summaries are written in the language of the country for which the guide is published but the symbols are the same throughout all editions. The criteria inspectors used to judge a restaurant include food(60%),eating environment(20%),service(10%) and liquor(10%).王蓝  Stars In 1926, the guide began to award stars for fine dining establishments. Initially, there was only a single star awarded. Then, in 1931, the hierarchy of zero, one, two, and three stars was introduced. Finally, In 1936, the criteria for the starred rankings were published: （1 Michelin star means): "A very good restaurant in its category" : "Excellent cooking, worth a detour" : "Exceptional cuisine, worth a special journey"  Bib Gourmand Since 1955, the guide has also highlighted restaurants offering "exceptional good food at moderate prices," a feature now called "Bib Gourmand". They must offer menu items priced below a maximum determined by local economic standards. Bib (Bibendum) is the company's nickname for the Michelin Man, its corporate logo for over a century.张源  Other ratings All listed restaurants, regardless of their star- or Bib Gourmand-status, also receive a "fork and spoon" designation, as a subjective reflection of the overall comfort and quality of the restaurant. Rankings range from one to five: One fork and spoon represents a "comfortable restaurant" and five signifies a "luxurious restaurant". Forks and spoons colored red designate a restaurant that is considered "pleasant" as well. Restaurants, independently of their other ratings in the guide, can also receive a number of other symbols next to their listing. Coins indicate restaurants that serve a menu for a certain price or less, depending on the local monetary standard. Interesting view or Magnificent view, designated by a black or red symbol, are given to restaurants offering those features. Grapes, a sake set, or a cocktail glass indicate restaurants that offer, at minimum, a "somewhat interesting" selection of wines, sake, or cocktails, respectively.佳琪 Michelin restaurants in China On the morning of 21 September 2016, Michelin published the first red guide for the mainland of China, 《Michelin•Shanghai•2017》.This time ,26 restaurants are picked, including one 3-star restaurant, Tang Ge, and seven 2-star restaurants, covering an assortment of food, like vegetarian food, Cantonese cuisine, dessert ,etc. Apart from Shanghai, Hong Kong and Macaw also own Michelin restaurants. The 3-star restaurant Tang Ge, featured in Cantonese cuisine, was rated 3-star last year in the guide for Hong Kong and Macaw. The average spending on Chinese Michelin restaurants varies a lot, usually related to the amount of stars. For example, the per-capita consumption at Tang is about 923 yuan, but there are also some star restaurants that only cost 200 yuan or so per person.李敏 One of the co-founders of Michelin ,Andre Michelin once wrote on the first Michelin guide, more like a booklet, “This book is now published for the first time in the new century, and it is to coexist with the century!” His words has come true and nowadays Michelin guide has become an essential part of French food culture, even the world’s. "Michelin is the only guide that counts", one famous French chef once said. In France, each year, at the time the guide is published, it sparks a media frenzy which has been compared to that for annual Academy Awards for films. 王蓝 People have different tastes for food, Michelin can’t satisfy everyone, but it can be regarded as a high-quality reference when you wanna taste other parts of the world, or change a flavor. So, dear friends, if you have a chance ,why not give it a try？