(EnglishClassroom)心理健康

Daisy: Hello everyone, welcome to today’s English Classroom. I am Daisy. 4 new members come to our program, let’s welcome them! ( Self introduction.....) Lydia:Today, we will talk about the mental health. Mental health involves our emotional, psychological, and social well-being, and it affects how we think, feel, and act,It also helps determine how we handle stress, relate to others, and make choices, but it’s very common for people to have mental health problems, even before you know it. Lucy: One in four adults has been diagnosed with a mental illness at some stage during their lifetime, the annual health survey for England suggests. The survey asked 5,000 adults and found 26% said they had received a mental health illness diagnosis. Depression was the most frequently reported mental illness, with nearly one in five (19%) people saying they had been diagnosed with the condition. Women were more likely than men to have depression, the survey found.Other findings in the survey include:Half of those who reported being diagnosed with a common mental disorder said that they had experienced the condition in the past 12 months; 3% of men and 5% of women reported they had self-harmed; 4% of men and 7% of women reported suicide attempts; In terms of depression - including post-natal depression - 24% of women reported having had the condition at some stage, compared with 13% of men. Kevin: The survey makes a distinction between common and serious mental health disorders, with common ones being conditions such as anxiety and phobias while serious conditions are illnesses such as bipolar, eating disorders and schizophrenia. The survey found that rates of ever being diagnosed with a common mental disorder were higher among women at 31% than men at 17%. The overall number of people with mental health problems has not changed significantly in recent years, according to the mental health charity Mind. In Europe, it is estimated that 83 million people experience a mental health condition every year. Bella: So, How do we define mental health? Mental health problems are defined and classified to help experts refer people for the right care and treatment. The symptoms are grouped in two broad categories - neurotic and psychotic. Neurotic conditions are extreme forms of "normal" emotional experiences such as depression, anxiety or obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). Psychotic symptoms affect around one in 100 and these interfere with a person's perception of reality, impairing their thoughts and judgments. Conditions include schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Ashley: The exact cause of most mental illnesses is not known but a combination of physical, psychological and environmental factors are thought to play a role.Many mental illnesses such as bipolar disorder can run in families, which suggests a genetic link.Experts believe many mental illnesses are linked to abnormalities in several genes that predispose people to problems, but don't on their own directly cause them. So a person can inherit a susceptibility to a condition but may not go on to develop it.Difficult life events can then trigger a mental illness in a person who is susceptible. According to the charity Mind the following factors could potentially trigger a period of poor mental health:childhood abuse, trauma, or neglect; social isolation or loneliness; experiencing discrimination and stigma; the death of someone close to you; severe or long-term stress; unemployment or losing your job; poverty or debt; homelessness or poor housing. Lydia: A mental illness can not be tested by checking blood or body fluids. Instead it is diagnosed, usually by an experienced psychiatrist or clinical psychologist, after studying a patient's symptoms and monitoring them over a period of time. Many different mental illnesses can have overlapping symptoms, so it can be difficult to tell the conditions apart. Daisy: To diagnose a mental health condition, psychiatrists in the UK may refer to the World Health Organisation's International Classification of Diseases (ICD) system. This lists known mental health problems and their symptoms under various sub-categories. It is updated around every 15 years.For common problems such as depression and anxiety, your GP may be able to give you a diagnosis after one or two appointments. If you are having trouble understanding any of these questions, or at any point you start to feel distressed, please stop and seek the advice of a medical professional. I hope everyone can live a healthy and happy life. This is the end of our English classroom and it’s time to say goodbye, see you next week. ALL: See you~