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For a social epidemic to occur, however, each person so affected must then influence his or her own acquaintances, who must in turn influence theirs, and so on; and just how many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential.
劈树:原句共包含四个谓语成份,“must influence”,“must influence”,“pay” 和“has”,句子以四个谓语成份为中心切分为四个分句。
第一分句为:For a social epidemic to occur, however, each person so affected must then influence his or her own acquaintances;
第二分句为:who must in turn influence theirs, and so on;
第三分句为:and just how many others pay attention to each of these people;
第四分句为:has little to do with the initial influential;
造竹:第一、第二分句同第三、第四分句构成并列句;第二分句是定语从句,修饰名词“acquaintances”;第三分句是第四分句的主语从句。
难词(词组)及在句中的含义:
epidemic (流行,潮流)
acquaintances (认识的人、熟人)
in turn (接下来,反过来)
第一分句:For a social epidemic to occur, however, each person so affected must then influence his or her own acquaintances;
“however”在句中是插入结构,翻译时可以置于句首;
“affected”是分词结构做后置定语,修饰名词“each person”;
第一分句翻译为:然而,若使一种社会潮流出现,受到影响的每一个人一定会影响到他们认识的熟人;
第二分句:who must in turn influence theirs, and so on;
“in turn”的含义为“接下来”;
“theirs”的含义为“their acquaintances”;
“and so on”的含义为“如此这般;等等”,结合句中含义可以翻译为“这个过程会持续下去”;
第二分句翻译为:这些人接下来又必然会影响他们认识的熟人,这个过程会持续下去;
第三分句:and just how many others pay attention to each of these people;
“pay attention to each of these people”的含义为“关注这些人”;
而根据上下文的句意可以翻译为“受到这些人的影响”;
第三分句翻译为:究竟有多少人关注这些人(受到这些人的影响);
第四分句:has little to do with the initial influential;
“has little to do with…”的含义为“与…无关”;
“initial”的含义为“起初的,最开始的”;
“influential”的含义为“影响者”;
第四分句翻译为:与最开始的那些影响者几乎无关;
全句翻译为:然而,若使一种社会潮流出现,受到影响的每一个人一定会影响到他们认识的熟人,这些人接下来又必然会影响他们认识的熟人,这个过程会持续下去;究竟有多少人关注这些人(受到这些人的影响),与最开始的那些影响者几乎无关。
句式结构考点:介词短语做状语,分词后置定语结构;定语从句;主语从句;
难度级别: