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海天考研每日作业
●Part1
考研核心词汇
brutal
[ˈbru:tl]
adj.残忍的; 野蛮的; 无情的; 不讲理的;
bud
[bʌd]
n.芽,萌芽; 蓓蕾,骨朵; 未成熟的人,少男少女;
v.发芽,长出蓓蕾; 开始发育;
bug
[bʌg]
n.昆虫; 瑕疵; 窃听器;
v.在…装窃听器; 打扰,烦恼; 折磨,使痛苦;
bulb
[bʌlb]
n.电灯泡; 球茎,块茎植物;
bull
[bʊl]
n.公牛; 股市看涨的人; 力大如牛的人; 大型雄性动物;
v.从事投机使(证券等)价格上涨; 推,强迫; 强力实现; 对…施加压力,强使…通过; 哄抬证券价格; 走运,提高身价; 猛推,猛挤,猛力向前;
bullet
[ˈbʊlɪt]
n.弹丸; 子弹,弹药;
bulletin
[ˈbʊlətɪn]
n.公告,公报; 新闻快报; 小报; 期刊;
v.公布,公告; 用公报发表;
bully
[ˈbʊli]
v.恐吓,威逼; 盛气凌人,以强凌弱; 欺侮;
n.暴徒; 仗势欺人者,横行霸道者; 打手;
bureaucracy
[bjʊəˈrɒkrəsi]
n.官僚主义; 官僚机构; 官僚政治;
burst
[bɜ:st]
v.爆发; 爆裂,炸破; 使爆炸; 充满,塞满; 使爆炸; 冲破;
n.突发; 爆裂; 爆发; 爆炸;
buzz
[bʌz]
v.嗡嗡叫; 低声谈; 嗡嗡叫; 匆忙来去,奔忙; 使嗡嗡叫; 咕哝:用快而低的嗓音讲话;
n.嗡嗡声; 乱哄哄的说话声;
bypass
[ˈbaɪpɑ:s]
n.旁道,支路; 迂回管道;
v.疏通; 忽视; 管道运输;
cabin
[ˈkæbɪn]
n.客舱; 小木屋; (轮船上工作或生活的) 隔间;
v.把…关在小屋里; 使受拘束; 住在小屋里;
cafeteria
[ˌkæfəˈtɪəriə]
n.自助餐厅;
calcium
[ˈkælsiəm]
n.钙;
calendar
[ˈkælɪndə(r)]
n.日历; 历法; 日程表; (一年之中的) 重大事件(或重要日期)一览表;
v.把…记入日程表中; 把…列入表中; 为(文件等)作分类索引; 将…排入日程表;
calorie
[ˈkæləri]
n.卡路里; 大卡; 千卡;
campaign
[kæmˈpeɪn]
n.运动; 战役; 竞选运动;
v.作战; 参加[发起]运动,参加竞选; 参战,参加战役;
campus
[ˈkæmpəs]
n.校园; 校区;
canal
[kəˈnæl]
n.运河,沟渠; 管道; 气管; 食道;
v.建运河; 疏导;
cannon
[ˈkænən]
n.大炮; 加农炮; 机关炮; 榴弹炮;
v.与…猛撞; 开炮; 炮轰;
canoe
[kəˈnu:]
n.独木舟,轻舟;
v.用独木舟运送; 划(乘)独木舟;
canvas
[ˈkænvəs]
n.帆布; 油画(布);
v.用帆布覆盖;
adj.帆布制的;
cape
[keɪp]
n.海角; 斗篷; 披肩;
capsule
[ˈkæpsju:l]
n.胶囊; 航天舱; 小容器;
v.压缩; 简述; 以瓶盖密封;
captive
[ˈkæptɪv]
adj.被俘的; 被监禁的; 被关押的; 无法逃离的;
n.战俘,俘虏; 被(爱情等)迷住的人;
carbohydrate
[ˌkɑ:bəʊˈhaɪdreɪt]
n.碳水化合物,糖类; 淀粉质或糖类食物;
carbon
[ˈkɑ:bən]
n.碳;
adj.碳的; 碳处理的;
cardinal
[ˈkɑ:dɪnl]
n.红衣主教; 基数; 大红色,深红色;
adj.基本的,最重要的; 大红色的,深红色的;
caress
[kəˈres]
n.拥抱; 爱抚,抚摸; 接吻;
v.爱抚,抚摸; 怜爱,宠爱; 亲吻;
cargo
[ˈkɑ:gəʊ]
n.(船或飞机装载的) 货物; 负荷,荷重;
carrier
[ˈkæriə(r)]
n.搬运人; 运输公司; 搬运器; [医学] 带菌者;
cart
[kɑ:t]
n.运货马车,手推车; 一车之量;
v.用推车或卡车运送; 费力搬运;
carve
[kɑ:v]
v.雕刻; 切,切开; 创制,开创; 雕塑; 切片;
cashier
[kæˈʃɪə(r)]
n.出纳员;
v.解雇; 抛弃;
cast
[kɑ:st]
v.铸造; 投射; 投掷; 脱落,脱皮;
n.铸型; 演员表; 投,掷骰;
casualty
[ˈkæʒuəlti]
n.伤亡(人数); 事故,横祸; 受害者,死伤者; 损坏;
catastrophe
[kəˈtæstrəfi]
n.大灾难; 惨败; 悲剧的结局; 灾变;
cater
[ˈkeɪtə(r)]
v.提供饮食及服务; 满足需要,适合; 投合,迎合;
cathedral
[kəˈθi:drəl]
n.总教堂,大教堂;
adj.教堂的; 权威的;
●Part2
真题长难句
His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to this decision. (2006翻译第二题)
劈树:本句含有三个谓语成份:“is”、“must accept”和“led”,句子可以分为三个分句。
第一分句为:His function is analogous to that of a judge;
第二分句为:who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning ;
第三分句为:which led him to this decision;
造竹:其中第一分句是主干,后面两个分别是名词“judge”和“the course of reasoning ”的定语从句,本句考查双定从套用的翻译技巧。
难词(词组)及在句中的含义:
analogous (相类似)
obligation (义务)
第一分句:His function is analogous to that of a judge;
“analogous”算是个难词,但是有上下文“to that (function) of a judge”这本身就显示“his function”和“that of a judge”之间是某种类比关系,此处的“analogous”是“相类似”的含意;
本段所讨论的核心人物“he”仍然是指代上文中名词“intellectual”,所以,“His function”应理解为“知识分子的作用”;
第一句翻译为:知识分子的作用与法官的作用相类似;
第二分句:who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning ;
引导词“who”是代替先行词“judge”,即该定语从句是跟进补充说明法官的具体情况;
其中短语结构“in as obvious a manner as possible”是语序倒装的形式,亦可写作“in a manner as obvious as possible”,译为:以尽可能浅显的方式;
“the course of reasoning”是“A of B”的结构,通常理解为“B的A”,即 “推理的过程”;
由于第二分句中名词“the obligation”的定语修饰较长,也可将其从句子中独立出来,即“who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible”翻译为“法官必须接受这一义务,就是以尽可能浅显的方式来揭示…”;
第二句翻译为:法官必须接受这一义务,就是以尽可能浅显的方式来揭示推理的过程;
第三分句:which led him to this decision;
“which led him to his decision”这个定语从句且较短,可以合并给被修饰语,置于先行词前面翻译;
第三句翻译为:使其做出决定的;
最后,我们将两个定语从句中的较为复杂的第一句断开翻译,而将较为简单的第二句合并翻译,进行整合连接;
由于本句强调知识分子和法官的共性,所以定语从句衔接时主语转化为“他们”,以强调两者间的共性;
原文回顾:
His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to this decision.
全句翻译为:知识分子的作用与法官的作用相类似,他们都必须接受这一义务,就是以尽可能浅显的方式来揭示使其做出决定的推理过程。
句式结构考点:定语从句嵌套的处理,语序倒装现象的识别;
难度级别:
短语背诵:
is analogous to
as obvious as possible
●明日预告
I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems.(2006翻译第三题)
●智慧点滴
A truly elegant taste is generally accompanied with excellence of heart.
优雅的品味通常与美好的心灵共生。