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Grit is passion and perseverance for very long-term goals.Grit is having stamina.Grit is sticking with your future,day in,day out,not just for the week,not just for the month,but for years,and working really hard to make that future a reality.Grit is living life like it&`& s a marathon,not a sprint.
坚毅是对长远目标的激情和坚持，坚毅是拥有持久的恒劲，坚毅是你对未来的坚持，日复一日不是仅仅持续一个星期或者一个月，而是几年甚至几十年努力奋斗着让自己的梦想变为现实。坚毅是把生活当成一场马拉松而不是一次短跑。
A few years ago, I started studying grit in the Chicago public schools. I asked thousands of high school juniors to take grit questionnaires,and then waited around more than a year to see who would graduate.
几年前，在芝加哥的公立学校里，我开始研究坚毅。我对上千名初中生进行了关于坚毅的问卷调查，然后等候了一年多，来看最终哪些学生能毕业。
Turns out that grittier kids were significantly more likely to graduate,even when I matched them on every characteristic I could measure, things like family income, standardized achievement test scores,even how safe kids felt when they were at school. So it&`& s not just at West Point or the National Spelling Bee that grit matters. It&`& s also in school, especially for kids at risk for dropping out.
结果证明那些更具坚毅的学生在毕业的概率上占绝对优势，即使是在同样可以量化的外在因素下像家庭收入，标准化成绩测验的分数，甚至是孩子们在学校能获得多少安全感之类，仍是有坚毅的学生更容易毕业所有不仅仅是在西点军校里或者全国拼字比赛上才需要坚毅。在学校亦是如此，尤其是对于那些徘徊在辍学边缘的孩子们。
To me, the most shocking thing about grit is how little we know, how little science knows, about building it. Every day, parents and teachers ask me,"How do I build grit in kids? What do I do to teach kids a solid work ethic? How do I keep them motivated for the long run?" The honest answer is, I don&`& t know.(Laughter) What I do know is that talent doesn&`& t make you gritty.
对于我自己来说，关于坚毅最让我震惊的事情莫过于对于坚毅，我们知之甚少，在培养坚毅上，科学对理解的认识又是何等贫乏。每天都有家长和老师来问我，“我怎样做才能培养孩子的坚毅呢？该做些什么才能教授给孩子们真正的职业道德？又该怎样调动他们长期的积极性呢？”老实说，我不知道。（笑声）我所知道的是，才华并不能使你坚韧不拔。
Our data show very clearly that there are many talented individuals who simply do not follow through on their commitments. In fact, in our data, grit is usually unrelated or even inversely related to measures of talent. So far, the best idea I&`& ve heard about building grit in kids in something called "growth mindste." This is an idea developed at Stanford University by Carol Dweck, and it is the belief that the ability to learn is not fixed, that it can change with your effort.
我们的数据十分清楚地表明，有许多才华横溢的人，他们都无法坚持兑现自己的承诺。事实上，根据我们的数据来看，坚毅通常与其他因素无关，甚至与才华的衡量标准背道而驰。到目前为止，我所听说过的在孩子身上培养坚韧品质最有效的方法叫“成长型思维模式。”斯坦福大学卡洛杜威克提出过一个观点，他相信人的学习能力是可变的，它随着你的努力程度而变化。
Dr.Dweck has shown that when kids read and learn about the brain and how it changes and grows in response to challenge, they&`& re much more likely to persevere when they fail,because they don&`& t believe that failure is a permanent condition.So growth mindset is a great idea for building grit. But we need more.
杜威克教授表示，当孩子们阅读和学习有关大脑的知识以及它在面对挑战时所发生的变化和成长情况，他们失败之后更容易坚持下去，因为他们不相信会一直失败下去。因此，成长性思维模式对培养坚毅大有裨益。但是我们需要更多。
And that&`& s where I&`&m going to end my remarks,because that&`& s where we are.That&`& s the work that stands before us. We need to take our best ideas, our strongest intuitions,and we need to test them.We need to measure whether we&`& ve been successful, and we have to be willing to fail, to be wrong,to start over again with lessons learned. In other words, we need to be gritty about getting our kids grittier.
我决定在此结束我的评论，因为我们正在经历着这一切。这是眼前所面临的工作。我们要拿出最好的想法和最强的直觉，我们要对他们进行实践。我们需要估量这一切是否成功同时还要渴望对失败和错误，要从这些失败中汲取经验重新再来。换句话说，我们只有自己变得更有坚毅才能让我们的孩子变得更有坚毅。
Thank you.
谢谢大家！
